stress

IPA（発音記号）

/stɹɛs/

名詞

可算名詞不可算名詞広義別表記廃用スコットランド英語

日本語の意味

生物に対して、物理的・化学的・感染性の要因が作用し、元の状態に戻ろうとする生体反応やその要因自体を指す。 / 生体がその外的因子により生じる変化や負担に適応する過程を含む現象と解釈される。

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Exposure to high concentrations of pollutants constitutes a chemical stress that can damage aquatic organisms.

Google翻訳 / DeepL翻訳

高濃度の汚染物質への曝露は、水生生物を損なう化学的なストレス因子となり得る。

詳細

意味（1）

(biology) A physical, chemical, infective agent aggressing an organism.

意味（2）

(biology) Aggression toward an organism resulting in a response in an attempt to restore previous conditions.

意味（3）

(countable, physics) The internal distribution of force across a small boundary per unit area of that boundary (pressure) within a body. It causes strain or deformation and is typically symbolised by σ or τ.

意味（4）

(countable, physics) Force externally applied to a body which cause internal stress within the body.

意味（5）

(uncountable) Emotional pressure suffered by a human being or other animal.

Go easy on him, he's been under a lot of stress lately.

Google翻訳 / DeepL翻訳

詳細

意味（6）

(countable, phonetics, loosely) A suprasegmental feature of a language having additional attention raised to a sound, word or word group by means of of loudness, duration or pitch; phonological prominence.

Some people put the stress on the first syllable of “controversy”; others put it on the second.

Google翻訳 / DeepL翻訳

詳細

意味（7）

(countable, phonetics, strictly) The suprasegmental feature of a language having additional attention raised to a sound by means of of loudness and/or duration; phonological prominence phonetically achieved by means of dynamics as distinct from pitch.

The shift from pitch to stress appears to happen before the other obliques begin merging in the Proto-Italic, Proto-Germanic, Primitive Irish, and Middle Indo-Aryan. But further investigation into the timeline of sound changes […] shows that, at least in Germanic, the oblique and core noun stems sound quite unpredictably different in all these families by the time of the crucial accent shift from pitch to stress. […] once a language becomes stress-sensitive, there seems to be a strong tendency in early Indo-European languages to shift the stress to the first syllable. This change happens shortly after the change to stress accent in Proto-Germanic, Proto-Italic, and Proto-Celtic, and even Thessalian, with evidence from Dybo's Law and Verner's Law left behind to show that sound changes happened after the changes to stress accent.

Google翻訳 / DeepL翻訳