(idiomatic) To provide for the possible event that; as in case but with the possibility of the occurrence being more remote.

(logic) if and only if

(law) A case that can be settled by the court using already existing law.

(informal) Any over-exaggerated ordeal.

(slang, potentially offensive) One made powerless or ineffective, as by nerves, panic, stress or exhaustion.

The capital letters A, B, C, ... as opposed to the small letters a, b, c, ....

(computer science) Making a distinction between upper-case and lower-case letters.

(computer science) Treating or interpreting upper- and lowercase letters as being the same.

The minuscule or small letters (a, b, c, as opposed to the uppercase or capital letters, A, B, C).

(computer science) Distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters. Often used in computer science to indicate a distinction is made in comparison or equality of letters based on case. For example, a case-sensitive password will not recognize "Password" and "password" as the same, but a case insensitive comparison would.