Kline: A surname from German, equivalent to English Small.

plural of Klein geometry

(differential geometry) A type of geometry (mathematical object representing a space and its spatial relationships); a homogeneous space X together with a symmetry group which represents the group action on X of some Lie group;

plural of Klein paradox

(quantum mechanics) A surprising result of applying the Dirac equation to the problem of electron scattering from a potential barrier. In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, electron tunnelling into a barrier is observed, with exponential damping. However, if the potential is of the order of the electron mass, V∼mc², the barrier is nearly transparent; moreover, as the potential approaches infinity, the reflection diminishes and the electron is always transmitted.

plural of Klein quartic

plural of Klein quadric

(mathematics) The lines of a 3-dimensional projective space, S, can be viewed as points of a 5-dimensional projective space, T. In that 5-space, the points that represent each line in S lie on a hyperbolic quadric, Q, known as the Klein quadric.

(mathematics) A compact Riemann surface of genus 3 with the highest possible order automorphism group for this genus, namely order 168 orientation-preserving automorphisms, and 336 automorphisms if orientation may be reversed.

plural of Klein bottle