(evolutionary theory) The effect whereby an organism's ability to learn new behaviours affects its reproductive success and therefore changes the genetic makeup of its species through natural selection.

(geochemistry, often in the plural) A shift in stable isotope fractionation in biominerals from what is expected from the environmental conditions which is due to biological action.

(atmospheric chemistry) The decrease in the ratio of heavier to lighter isotopes of carbon in atmospheric carbon dioxide due to anthropogenic emissions.

(geology) The appearance of lower sedimentation rates in stratigraphic sections covering greater amounts of time, as a result of the relative rarity of geologic events that remove large amounts of sediment.

A form of cognitive bias that causes individuals to appear more attractive to an observer when they are in a group.

(medicine) An unpleasant hypersensitivity to alcohol caused by various medications, including disulfiram.

A cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created.

The sudden growth in interest in poker after Chris Moneymaker won the 2003 World Series of Poker Main Event.

(US) The idea that increased scrutiny of police following the 2014 shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri has led to an increased crime rate (or sometimes murder rate) in major US cities.

The spontaneous formation of an emulsion when water is added to certain anise-flavoured liqueurs and spirits, giving the drink a milky appearance.