元となった辞書の項目
Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem
固有名詞
A
theorem
dealing
with
deterministic
ordinal
electoral
systems
that
choose
a
single
winner,
stating
that
for
every
voting
rule,
one
of
the
following
three
things
must
hold:
(i)
the
rule
is
dictatorial,
i.e.
there
exists
a
distinguished
voter
who
can
choose
the
winner;
or
(ii)
the
rule
limits
the
possible
outcomes
to
two
alternatives
only;
or
(iii)
the
rule
is
susceptible
to
tactical
voting:
in
certain
conditions
some
voter's
sincere
ballot
may
not
defend
their
opinion
best.
日本語の意味
ギバード・サッタースウェイトの定理は、決定論的な順序型選挙システム(順位投票制)において単一の勝者を選ぶ際、どの投票規則においても、以下の3つのいずれかの性質が必ず成立することを示す定理です。すなわち、(i) 規則が独裁的であり、特定の投票者が勝者を直接決定できる、(ii) 選択肢が2つのみに限定される、または (iii) 戦略的投票により、ある条件下で票の真の意図が必ずしも反映されない可能性がある、という意味になります。
意味(1)
A
theorem
dealing
with
deterministic
ordinal
electoral
systems
that
choose
a
single
winner,
stating
that
for
every
voting
rule,
one
of
the
following
three
things
must
hold:
(i)
the
rule
is
dictatorial,
i.e.
there
exists
a
distinguished
voter
who
can
choose
the
winner;
or
(ii)
the
rule
limits
the
possible
outcomes
to
two
alternatives
only;
or
(iii)
the
rule
is
susceptible
to
tactical
voting:
in
certain
conditions
some
voter's
sincere
ballot
may
not
defend
their
opinion
best.
( canonical )