Researchers often use monadic second-order logic, a formal deductive system that extends first-order logic by enabling quantification over unary predicates, to express graph properties that are inexpressible in first-order logic.

Music historians often point to the Second New England School as a pivotal force in shaping American concert music at the turn of the twentieth century.

Many scholars now use the term long Second World War to emphasize that the conflict began with the Manchurian Incident in 1931 and continued until Imperial Japan’s surrender in 1945.

At the family reunion, my second cousins once removed arrived from across the country, bringing stories about our shared great-grandparents.

Researchers compared several monadic second-order logics to determine which fragments permit decidable satisfiability.

When counting the partitions of a five-element set into two nonempty subsets, we compute the Stirling number of the second kind S(5,2).

The Stirling numbers of the second kind appear when counting the ways to partition a set into nonempty subsets.

The chief petty officers second class attended the leadership workshop to prepare for the upcoming deployment.

The chief petty officer second class coordinated the emergency response, drawing on years of service in the Canadian Navy.

Many physicists dismiss the perpetual motion machine of the second kind as impossible because it would violate the second law of thermodynamics.