English Dictionary

monolith

IPA（発音記号）

/ˈmɒn.ə.lɪθ/

名詞

未分類 限定用法 比喩的用法 イギリス英語

(also attributively) A large, single block of stone which is a natural feature; or a block of stone or other similar material used in architecture and sculpture, especially one carved into a monument in ancient times.

日本語の意味

巨大な一枚岩、単一の大きな石塊。 / 建築や彫刻に用いられる、特に古代の記念碑として彫刻された石や類似の素材の塊。

A solitary monolith rose from the windswept plain, casting a long shadow at dusk.

風に吹きさらされた平原に孤立した巨石がそびえ、夕暮れに長い影を落とした。

意味（1）

(also attributively) A large, single block of stone which is a natural feature; or a block of stone or other similar material used in architecture and sculpture, especially one carved into a monument in ancient times.

Tomb of Napoleon I. … Twelve colossal statues, by [James] Pradier, representing as many victories, stand against the pilasters, facing the tomb, consisting of an immense monolith of porphyry, weighing 135,000 lbs., and brought from Lake Onega in Finland at a cost of 140,000fr.

意味（2）

(also attributively and figuratively) Anything massive, uniform, and unmovable, especially a towering and impersonal cultural, political, or social organization or structure.

It was the setting up of generalizations of the first kind in [Charles J.] Fillmore (1966a, b) and (1968a) that awarded case grammar the role of being, besides abstract syntax, the second crack in the transformational monolith of the late sixties.

意味（3）

(chemistry) A substrate having many tiny channels that is cast as a single piece, which is used as a stationary phase for chromatography, as a catalytic surface, etc.

The conference chairman, Alois Jungbauer, Ph.D., professor at the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences in Vienna, defined a monolith as a continuous stationary-phase cast as a homogeneous column in a single piece. Monoliths are further characterized by a highly interconnected network of channels, most with sizes ranging from 1 to 5 µm. The adsorptive surface is directly accessible to solutes as they pass through the column.

意味（4）

(Britain, horticulture) A dead tree whose height and size have been reduced by breaking off or cutting its branches.

https://ancienttreeforum.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ATF_book.pdf#page=99 page 98 If a stub is to be retained, either for the reasons stated above, or when a tree is to be reduced to a monolith …, unconventional methods of cutting or fracturing (not recommended in BS 3998) may be employed, … https://ancienttreeforum.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ATF_book.pdf#page=148 page 147 Even dead standing or fallen trees are important, and so owners should be encouraged to be untidy-minded and to leave monoliths or fallen dead wood in situ.

monoliths （ plural ）