最終更新日：2025/12/08
(law, US) A judicial test as to whether a US state is bound by the United States Bill of Rights in relation to a specific right claimed by the plaintiff, hinging on whether the due process clauses of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the US Constitution override the immunity which ordinarily applies to states; specifically, the right in question must be of the very essence of a scheme of ordered liberty
and deeply rooted in [American] history and tradition
in order to qualify.
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Palko test
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Palko test
名詞
アメリカ英語
(law,
US)
A
judicial
test
as
to
whether
a
US
state
is
bound
by
the
United
States
Bill
of
Rights
in
relation
to
a
specific
right
claimed
by
the
plaintiff,
hinging
on
whether
the
due
process
clauses
of
the
Fifth
and
Fourteenth
Amendments
to
the
US
Constitution
override
the
immunity
which
ordinarily
applies
to
states;
specifically,
the
right
in
question
must
be
"of
the
very
essence
of
a
scheme
of
ordered
liberty"
and
"deeply
rooted
in
[American]
history
and
tradition"
in
order
to
qualify.
日本語の意味
「Palko test」とは、米国法において、州に適用される通常の免責特権に対して、原告が主張する特定の権利が憲法上保護されるかどうかを判断する司法検査のことであり、その権利が「秩序ある自由の体系の本質的要素」であり、アメリカの歴史・伝統に深く根ざしている場合に、連邦憲法の手続保障条項（第5および第14修正条項）が州に対しても適用されるかどうかを検証するものです。
意味（1）
(law,
US)
A
judicial
test
as
to
whether
a
US
state
is
bound
by
the
United
States
Bill
of
Rights
in
relation
to
a
specific
right
claimed
by
the
plaintiff,
hinging
on
whether
the
due
process
clauses
of
the
Fifth
and
Fourteenth
Amendments
to
the
US
Constitution
override
the
immunity
which
ordinarily
applies
to
states;
specifically,
the
right
in
question
must
be
"of
the
very
essence
of
a
scheme
of
ordered
liberty"
and
"deeply
rooted
in
[American]
history
and
tradition"
in
order
to
qualify.
（ plural ）
