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Gilbreath's conjecture
(mathematics) A conjecture in number theory regarding the sequences generated by applying the forward difference operator to consecutive prime numbers and leaving the results unsigned, and then repeating this process on consecutive terms in the resulting sequence, and so forth. The first term in every such sequence appears to be 1.
Goldbach's conjecture
(number theory) A conjecture stating that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes, which has been shown to hold up through 4 × 10¹⁸, but remains unproven.
double bubble conjecture
(mathematics) A conjecture in the theory of minimal surfaces, stating that the shape that encloses and separates two given volumes and has the minimum possible surface area is a "standard double bubble": three spherical surfaces meeting at angles of 2π/3 on a common circle.
Ryu-Takayanagi conjecture
A conjecture within holography that posits a quantitative relationship between the entanglement entropy of a conformal field theory and the geometry of an associated anti-de Sitter spacetime.
Elliott-Halberstam conjecture
(number theory) A conjecture about the distribution of prime numbers in arithmetic progressions, having many applications in sieve theory.