Concerning the Old High German language.

Concerning the Middle High German language.

An ancestor to the modern (High) German language, spoken from 1050 to about 1500. Some linguists prefer to use 1350 as the end of the Middle High German period, calling the period from 1350 to 1650 Early New High German in a broad sense.

Old Low Franconian and Old Saxon

The form of the German language used for publishing, broadcasting and writing in Switzerland and Liechtenstein, as distinguished from the Swiss German language used in speech.

A former German colony in East Africa, spread mostly over present-day mainland Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi.

one of two major subgroups of the Central German dialects; spoken primarily in the German states of Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, and North Rhine-Westphalia, as well as Luxembourg, easternmost Belgium, and southeasternmost Limburg (Netherlands); characterized by the preservation of pre-Old High German initial *p-.

of or pertaining to the West Central German dialects

One of two major subgroups of the Central German dialects; spoken primarily in the German states of Thuringia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg, and Berlin, and until 1945 in large parts of what is now western and southern Poland; distinguished from West Central German by the shift of pre-Old High German initial *p- to pf- (now usually f-).

of or pertaining to the East Central German dialects