English Dictionary

churl

IPA（発音記号）

/tʃɜːl/

名詞

広義 軽蔑的 古語

A free peasant (as opposed to a serf) of the lowest rank, below an earl and a thane; a freeman; also (more generally), a person without royal or noble status; a commoner. / A bondman or serf.

日本語の意味

低位の自由農民、つまり伯爵やテインよりも下位で、封建制度下で貴族ではない自由民を指す。 / 広くは、王族や貴族の身分を持たない一般の平民や庶民を意味する。 / また、文脈によっては、農奴や隷属状態にある者を指す場合もある。

The churl rose before dawn to mend the hedges around his cottage, knowing he still owed labor to the earl and service to the thane.

最下層の自由農民は夜明け前に起きて小屋の周りの生け垣を修繕しなければならないと知っており、伯爵への労働や小領主への奉仕を今も負っていた。

意味（1）

A free peasant (as opposed to a serf) of the lowest rank, below an earl and a thane; a freeman; also (more generally), a person without royal or noble status; a commoner.

[F]rom this time forvvard I do pardon before God all the vvrongs that they haue done, or ſhall doe vnto me, vvhether they vvere, be, or ſhall be done by high or lovv perſon, rich or poore, Gentleman or Churle, vvithout excepting any ſtate or condition.

意味（2）

A bondman or serf.

意味（3）

(derogatory) A rough, surly, ill-bred person; a boor.

[A] churles curtesie rathely comes but either for gaine, or falshood.

意味（4）

(archaic) A countryman, a peasant, a rustic.

And, as the mazy web she whirls, / She sees the surly village-churls, / And the red cloaks of market-girls, / Pass onward from Shalott.

意味（5）

(archaic) A person who is stingy, especially with money; a selfish miser, a niggard.

Juli[et]. […] VVhats heere? a cup in my true loues hand? / Poiſon I ſee hath bin his timeleſſe end: / O churle [referring to Romeo], drunke all, and left no friendly drop.

意味（6）

(Theodism) A freedman, ranked below a thane but above a thrall.

churls （ plural ）