ergativity

英語（米国） (en-US) 英語（イギリス） (en-GB)

IPA（発音記号）

/ɜː(ɹ)ɡəˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/

名詞

不可算名詞

(linguistics) The property of a grammar's (or, by extension, a language's) being ergative; the attribute of possessing a grammatical pattern such that the object of a transitive verb is treated the same way as the subject of an intransitive one, while the subject of the transitive verb is treated differently.

日本語の意味

言語学において「エルガティビティ」とは、文法または言語が、他動詞の目的語と自動詞の主語を同じ形（統格）で扱い、他動詞の主語を異なる形で扱うという文法的特徴を有する性質を指す。

英語の意味

(linguistics) The property of a grammar's (or, by extension, a language's) being ergative; the attribute of possessing a grammatical pattern such that the object of a transitive verb is treated the same way as the subject of an intransitive one, while the subject of the transitive verb is treated differently.

このボタンはなに？

The linguist presented evidence that ergativity in the language manifested through unique case marking and verb agreement patterns.

言語学者は、その言語の能格性が独特の格標示と動詞一致のパターンとして現れているという証拠を提示した。

詳細

意味（1）

(linguistics) The property of a grammar's (or, by extension, a language's) being ergative; the attribute of possessing a grammatical pattern such that the object of a transitive verb is treated the same way as the subject of an intransitive one, while the subject of the transitive verb is treated differently.

Ergativity entails that the grammar give treatment to the subject (A) of a transitive verb that is differentiated from the treatment given to the object (O) of such a verb and the subject (S) of an intransitive verb, which are treated similarly to each other. Such differential treatment may take the form of a special case marker (such as an affix or a particle) used with A but not with O or S, or of a specific agreement pattern (for example, the verb may agree in person and number with A, but not with O and S).

詳細