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universal basic income
A form of social security, whereby all citizens or qualified residents, receive a sum of money on a regular schedule unconditionally.
middle income traps
middle income trap
(economics) The situation where a country that attains a certain income gets stuck at that level, being unable to compete with other more developed economies in the high-value-added market.
gross national income
(economics) A more recent designation for gross national product, the total market value of all the goods and services produced by a nation.
income elasticity of demand
(economics) an economic metric that measures the responsiveness of a quantity demanded for a good to a change in income, calculated as the percent change in demand over the percent change in income
permanent income hypothesis
(economics) A theory attempting to describe how agents spread consumption over their lifetimes, supposing that a person's consumption at a point in time is determined not just by their current income but also by their expected income in future years, which is seen as the driver of change.
middle-income trap
Alternative form of middle income trap
net operating income
(accounting) Income after deducting operating expenses but before deducting for income taxes, interest, and depreciation and amortization.