After decades of heavy rainfall and acidic leaf litter, the hillsides had become podzolized, exposing a pale, leached horizon beneath the forest floor.

Long-term monitoring of the experimental plots showed that podzolizations intensified after repeated acid deposition and changes in vegetation.

Researchers found that podzols are common in the boreal forest and significantly influence nutrient cycling.

Podzolization can significantly reduce soil fertility in coniferous forests by leaching nutrients from the upper horizons.

After the wildfire, scientists examined the thin, acidic podzol to assess its recovery.

The acidic leaf litter podzolizes the forest floor over decades, creating a pale, leached horizon beneath the organic layer.

The heavy rainfall is podzolizing the forest soil, leaching minerals from the upper layers.

Forest fires can podzolize slopes by removing vegetation and exposing mineral soil.

The botanist noted that the forest's sparse undergrowth was due to the podzolic soil beneath the pines.