The true and universal language of the land is Carniolan; apart from this, Illyrian is also spoken; yet somewhat corrupt and not completely pure. Thirdly, Croatian. Fourthly, Slavonic. Then, Dalmatian, Gottscheerish, Istrian, Italian or Friulian, and German. But all the nobility generally speak German, also Carniolan and Italian. All lawsuits are conducted and discharged in German, and all letters are written in German.