The abjurers gathered in the town square to publicly renounce their former oaths.

In parliamentary debates, supporters insisted that the Oath of Abjuration must be enforced to ensure subjects explicitly renounced allegiance to the descendants of Charles Edward Stuart.

During the tribunal, the former knight swore several abjuration oaths to atone for his betrayals.

After years of conflict, the exile executed his abjuration of the realm with tears and a trembling hand.

The delegates signed the abjuration oath before the assembly, signaling their formal renunciation of the monarch's claim.

Facing a capital charge, Sir Edmund had no option but to abjure the realm and seek exile until he could obtain the sovereign's pardon.