During the complex transplant, the team resorted to retrograde perfusion to maintain oxygenation of the organ through the veins.

The composer used a retrograde inversion to turn the inversion of the tone row backward, creating a darker mirror of the original series.

Astronomers carefully charted the retrograde motions of the outer planets over several months.

Several patients were diagnosed with retrograde amnesias after their head injuries, which complicated the rehabilitation process.

Researchers discovered that retrograde neurotransmitters can modulate synaptic strength by signaling from the postsynaptic neuron back to the presynaptic terminal.