oceanic whitetip sharks circled the drifting life raft, their white-tipped fins cutting through the glassy surface as the sun rose.

Scientists study mid-ocean ridges to understand seafloor spreading and volcanic activity.

"calm blue ocean," she muttered to herself, taking a deep breath to stop her hands from shaking.

Scientists studying climate change have observed rapid warming in parts of the South-Polar Ocean.

The mid-ocean ridge stretches for thousands of kilometers, forming new oceanic crust as tectonic plates pull apart.

Scientists aboard the research vessel collected samples along the mid-oceanic ridge to study seafloor spreading.

The diversity of life around mid-oceanic ridges challenges our understanding of deep-sea ecosystems.

Researchers studying climate change collected water samples from the South Polar Ocean to analyze melting patterns.

Sailors in the eighteenth century often referred to the Great Southern Ocean when describing voyages around Antarctica.

Maps from the 19th century often labeled the region around Antarctica as the Southern Icy Ocean.