Here, we ascertain the roles of nutrition, ontogeny and mating as triggers for mitigation of aging in the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni, ‘Q-fly’), an anautogenous tephritid fly with pre-reproductive aging patterns that closely resemble those of medflies [17, 18 ].

Shields and Young (1993) argue that the budget participation literature has not produced a coherent nor unified definition of both the determinants and consequences of budget participation.

Studies on homeless income find that the typical “career panhandler” who dedicates his time overwhelmingly to begging can make between $600 and $1,500 a month.

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