As a political theory, the night watchman state limits government to protecting individuals' lives, property, and contracts, leaving all other matters to private choice.

The philosopher defended the night-watchman state as the only morally permissible form of government.

The night watchman states resisted expanding public services, insisting their role was limited to protecting life and property.

In the debate, proponents argued that night-watchman states ensure individual liberty by limiting government to basic policing and defense.