There was little poppy cultivation to note during the day : when nearing the uplands after leaving Pin Chou I saw a man carrying a bundle of poppy-stalks, with capsules, down hill and near the village of Ti-yao-kou, ten miles from Yung-shou Hsien, but still within the department of Pin Chou, I observed one field of poppy-stems with capsules from which the opium had been collected.

Between Pin Chou and Yung-shou Hsien the cart traffic was the heaviest I had seen since leaving Lan-chou.]