The use of the vowel fatHa (or in English a) simply refers to the participant as being the one receiving the action as opposed to the use of kasra (or i in English) which denotes the participant doing the action rather than receiving it.
a
action
i
doing
During winter we perceive no change in the cells of the cambium layer, which are filled with nutritive matter […].
Resolved to pursue no inglorious career, he turned his eyes toward the East.
A gome gais to ane garet.
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