The optimal bonus-malus systems described in this paper compute coefficients which are equal to one on average whatever are the rating factors. This fairness property is not fulfilled by bonus-malus systems such as the French one. If the boni and mali do not depend on the frequency of claims, the average bonus-malus coefficient increases with the frequency.

[T]he red-papered walls are adorned with Blu-Tacked posters of Napoli, Capri and Roma.

Even when I gave her a jog with my elbow, she kept staring at her French book. Even when I gave her a nudge with my knee, she kept ignoring me.

Apart from Topt and Tob, the non-boldfaced Roman letter(s) represent cover terms for what are ultimately expanded to Maori phoneme strings.