In 1264, the besieged city was taken by the stratagem of Sir J. Giffard, and Sir J. de Balun, who gained an entrance at the west gate, disguised as woolmongers, then throwing off their large Welsh cloaks, and appearing in complete armour, the terrified wardens delivered up the keys;

One means toward avoiding a split between a profession and its academic discipline is to ensure that teaching programmes have face validity for members of those professions in which students might seek employment.

Midwives working on the district rarely saw women die because, on the whole, they would transfer to hospital any women with severe problems.

The attacks and the failure to catch the killer created an atmosphere of fear and dismay throughout Yorkshire, and provoked grim taunts to the police at Leeds United football matches such as “Ripper 10, Police nil”