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Last Updated :2026/10/18

怖おづ

Hiragana
おづ
Hepburn romanization
ozu
Pitch accent
Verb
Classical Japanese archaic

(Classical Japanese, archaic) to be scared

On the mountain path late at night, the traveler is frightened by a sudden sound.

Word Forms

The basic and commonly used forms of this verb.

Basic forms
Form Word form Usage
Imperfective form (mizenkei)
Alternative: 怖じ
Connects to endings such as nai, reru, and seru.
Continuative form (renyokei)
Alternative: 怖じ
Connects to endings such as masu, tai, and ta.
Conclusive form (shushikei)
Alternative: 怖ず
Ends a sentence and serves as the dictionary form.
Attributive form (rentaikei)
Alternative: 怖ずる
Modifies a noun.
Conditional form (kateikei)
Alternative: 怖ずれ
Combines with ba to express a condition.
Imperative form (meireikei)
Alternative: 怖じよ
Expresses a command or instruction.
Common forms
Form Word form Usage
Te-form
Alternative: 怖じて
Connects clauses with te.
Ta-form
Alternative: 怖じた
Expresses the past with ta.
Nai-form
Alternative: 怖じない 怖ぢず 怖じず
Expresses negation with nai.
Masu-form
Alternative: 怖じます
Used for polite speech.
Ba-form
Alternative: 怖ずれば
Expresses a condition with ba.
Volitional form
Alternative: 怖じむ 怖ぢん 怖じん
Expresses intention or invitation.
Notes
  • 古語の動詞「怖づ」はダ行上二段活用。現代語では主に「怖じる」に対応する。
  • basic.katei は古典文法では已然形(怖づれ)に相当する。
  • variants には現代仮名遣い相当・表記揺れを含めた。

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