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Last Updated:2026/07/27
Sentence

At the station, a friend suddenly called out to me, and I was surprised.

Related words

びっくりする

Kanji
吃驚する
Verb

to be surprised, to be startled, to be frightened, to be astonished

At the station, a friend suddenly called out to me, and I was surprised.

Word Forms

The basic and commonly used forms of this verb.

Basic forms
Form Word form Usage
Imperfective form (mizenkei)
Alternative: びっくりせ びっくりさ
Connects to endings such as nai, reru, and seru.
Continuative form (renyokei) Connects to endings such as masu, tai, and ta.
Conclusive form (shushikei)
Alternative: 吃驚する
Ends a sentence and serves as the dictionary form.
Attributive form (rentaikei)
Alternative: 吃驚する
Modifies a noun.
Conditional form (kateikei) Combines with ba to express a condition.
Imperative form (meireikei)
Alternative: びっくりせよ
Expresses a command or instruction.
Common forms
Form Word form Usage
Te-form
Alternative: 吃驚して
Connects clauses with te.
Ta-form
Alternative: 吃驚した
Expresses the past with ta.
Nai-form
Alternative: びっくりせぬ びっくりせん 吃驚しない
Expresses negation with nai.
Masu-form
Alternative: 吃驚します
Used for polite speech.
Ba-form
Alternative: 吃驚すれば
Expresses a condition with ba.
Volitional form
Alternative: 吃驚しよう
Expresses intention or invitation.
Notes
  • 「びっくり」は仮名表記が一般的。漢字表記として「吃驚する」もある。
  • サ変動詞「する」の複合動詞。未然形は接続により「し・せ・さ」が現れる。

Japanese - Multilingual

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