Last Updated：2025/11/19

(archaic or literary) Outside of, beyond. / Not having, containing, characteristic of, etc. / Not doing or not having done something.

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See correct answer

without

Source Word

without

IPA(Pronunciation)

archaic literary

Japanese Meaning

（古語・文語）～の外に、～を超えて / ～がない、～を含まない、～を欠く / ～をしない、～していない

They set their camp without the ancient city, under a sky full of stars.

彼らは古い街の外で、満天の星の下に野営を張った。

Sense（1）

(archaic or literary) Outside of, beyond.

Without the gate / Some drive the cars, and some the coursers rein.

Sense（2）

Not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.

It was a mistake to leave my house without a coat.

Sense（3）

Not doing or not having done something.

He likes to eat everything without sharing.