The caterpillars were pupating quietly beneath the leaves when the rain began.

After feeding for weeks, the caterpillars began to pupate in hidden crevices.

When the days grow warmer, the caterpillar pupates inside a curled leaf before emerging as a butterfly.

After feeding on the leaves for weeks, the caterpillars pupated in hidden crevices.

Scientists monitored the caterpillars throughout pupation to study changes in gene expression.

The biologist recorded several pupations in the field journal during the summer survey.