The monastery's chronicles detailed numerous flagellations during the festival.

The historical account described the ritual flagellation practiced by certain monastic communities as a form of penance.

The botanist documented flagellation in several freshwater algae, noting distinct patterns in how their flagella form and are arranged.

The historian described how medieval penitents practiced public self-flagellations to atone for their sins.

Medieval accounts often describe self-flagellation as a ritual meant to atone for sins.