言ふ
Classical Japanese form of 言う (iu)
言う (iu) の古典日本語形
古（ふる）い日本語（にほんご）で、「言（い）う」と同（おな）じ意味（いみ）の言葉（ことば）です。
说；说话 / 告诉；陈述 / 称作；称呼
說、講 / 告訴 / 稱作、叫做
말하다 / 이야기하다 / 전하다
mengatakan / berkata / menyebut
berkata; menyatakan / mengucapkan; menyebut / (klasik Jepun) bentuk lama bagi "iu" (言う), ‘berkata’
decir / expresar / nombrar
dire / nommer / appeler
dire, pronunciare (forma classica di 言う) / esprimere, dichiarare / chiamare, denominare
(klass.) sagen, sprechen / äußern; mitteilen / nennen; nennen als
sige; udtale (klassisk japansk) / fortælle; nævne; omtale
mówić, powiedzieć / opowiadać, stwierdzać
říci, promluvit (klas. tvar 言う) / sdělit, oznámit / vyjádřit slovy
zeggen (klassiek Japans; archaïsche vorm van 言う) / spreken; uiten
si, uttale (klassisk form) / fortelle, omtale
säga / uttrycka i ord / klassisk form av 言う
говорить, произносить / сказать / высказывать (мнение), утверждать
a spune; a rosti / a afirma; a declara / a numi; a zice (despre)
казати, мовити / говорити, промовляти / висловлювати (думку)
dizer / falar / chamar (de)
nói; phát biểu / bảo; nói với / gọi; gọi là
magsabi / magsalita / magwika
กล่าว; พูด / บอก; กล่าวถึง / (โบราณ) ออกความเห็น; แสดงความ
ເວົ້າ / ກ່າວ / ບອກ
(klasik) söylemek / demek / ifade etmek
சொல்லுதல் / கூறுதல் / பேசுதல்
कहना / बोलना / उच्चारण करना
کہنا / بولنا / اظہار کرنا
mond / kijelent / (klasszikus japán) azt mond
לומר (צורה קלאסית של 言う) / להצהיר, לבטא במילים / לדבר, להשמיע דבר
বলা / উক্তি করা / কথা বলা
कह्नु / बोल्नु / बताउनु
කියනවා / පවසනවා / උච්චාරණය කරනවා
(古語) ပြောသည် / ဆိုသည် / ဖော်ပြသည်
хэлэх / өгүүлэх / ярьж илэрхийлэх
aytmoq / gapirmoq / so‘zlamoq
گفتن (فرم کلاسیکِ ژاپنیِ «言う» ) / بیان کردن / اظهار کردن
يقول / يتكلم / يصرّح
និយាយ / ថ្លែង / ប្រាប់
forma clássica de «dizer» / falar / declarar
講 / 話 / 說
Word Forms
The basic and commonly used forms of this verb.
Basic forms
| Form | Word form | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Imperfective form (mizenkei) | Connects to endings such as nai, reru, and seru. | |
| Continuative form (renyokei) | Connects to endings such as masu, tai, and ta. | |
| Conclusive form (shushikei) |
Alternative:
言う
|
Ends a sentence and serves as the dictionary form. |
| Attributive form (rentaikei) |
Alternative:
言う
|
Modifies a noun. |
| Conditional form (kateikei) | Combines with ba to express a condition. | |
| Imperative form (meireikei) | Expresses a command or instruction. |
Common forms
| Form | Word form | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Te-form |
Alternative:
言って
言うて
|
Connects clauses with te. |
| Ta-form |
Alternative:
言った
言うた
|
Expresses the past with ta. |
| Nai-form |
Alternative:
言わない
|
Expresses negation with nai. |
| Masu-form |
Alternative:
言います
|
Used for polite speech. |
| Ba-form |
Alternative:
言えば
|
Expresses a condition with ba. |
| Volitional form | Expresses intention or invitation. |
Notes
- 古典語の「言ふ」はハ行四段活用。現代語では「言う」と表記・発音され、ワ行五段活用に相当する形も variants に示した。
- basic.katei は古典文法では已然形に相当する形を入れた。
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