Among the changes, which took place in Dublin English in the 1990s (Hickey 1999), are the following four which are also found in general forms of American English: (a) use of retroflex /r/, in fork [fo:ɻk]; (b) use of an intervocalic alveolar tap, for example in water [wɑɾɚ]; (c) the horse/hoarse‐merger and (d) the which/witch‐merger.

In Scotland the visitation was worst in the south; scarcely a Turnip field is stated to have escaped in the counties of Kirkcudbright and Dumfries, and resowings were requisite in many cases twice, in some a third time.

Even more disconcerting, evidence suggested that Foy was a man-scaper, because other than the slicked back hair on his head he was as bald all over as a newborn.

Take of the freſh Roots of both Peonies, at Full Moon, each one Ounce and an half; ſlice them, and infuſe them in white-wine for the ſpace of a Day; of Contrayerra half an Ounce, of Sermountain ſix Drams[…]