Hill says the shows began to morph from happy-go-lucky, fun series to production-line star-makers, which subconsciously changed the tone of the series: Reality talent shows made it easier and quicker for audiences to pay to vote for the winner and loser, and to comment positively and negatively on contestants in social media.

a vesiculose shell

ill schooled in bolted language

I'm just a poor student trying to contribute to fanficdom.