Women’s exclusion from the collective flagellation characteristic of battuti groups was based on more than just the shame of exposing their bodies or mixing male and female flagellants, since it continued through the period when those bearing the cords wore robes and hoods which obliterated their individual identity. More importantly, even the few “flagellant” consororities in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Italy may not have practised the exercise.

They made him a lance-jack; but it was only because they wanted somebody tall at the end of the front rank to fix bayonets by.

Regan (1913) classified the percesocine fishes as two suborders of his order Percomorphi.

The events were so fantastic that only the tabloids were willing to print them.