For this study, 20 orbital regions of 10 volunteers were measured by direct anthropometry using a digital caliper and by indirect anthropometry (computerized photogrammetry) using standardized digital photographs. Lines, points, and distances were defined based on the position of the anthropometric landmarks endocanthion and exocanthion and then used to calculate the brow position index (BPI).

Atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by skin erosion, oozing and crusting, redness, intense itching (pruritus) and dry skin.

It used to be the fashion to put a second thick covering or pilch over the napkin to keep the outer clothes from wet; but this is by no means healthy, as it over-heats this part of the body, and is often a mere excuse for neglecting the frequent changes that should be made, so that the skin is apt to become sodden, and subsequently sore, from damp heat.

The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail.