Fashioned with shafts of aged hickory, ash or lemonwood, these early clubs have heads with an insert of ram’s horn or a lead backweight.

A practice has long prevailed in some districts, and has, for some time, been generally recommended by many high agricultural authorities, of mixing salt with hay which has been damaged by rain, in the proportion from 14 to 28 lbs. of salt to a load of hay; and when this practice is observed at the time of stacking, it is said, not only to prevent mouldiness and mowburning, but to render the damaged hay fully as palatable as the best-saved unsalted hay.

The needle punctured the balloon instantly.

While all spirometers encourage slow, sustained maximal inspiration, they can be divided into two types: flow incentive and volume incentive.