This paper surveys the research methods and approaches used in the multidisciplinary field of applied language studies or language education over the last fourty years. Drawing on insights gained in psycho- and sociolinguistics, educational linguistics and linguistic anthropology with regard to language and culture, it is organized around five major questions that concern language educators.

Thenceforth to speculations high or deep I turned my thoughts.

But the slush stopped on Ms. Almodovar’s desk; fees paid by the developers are now refunneled into agency projects.

The lioness has to creep up behind her prey so as not to be noticed.