Although there is no caliphally granted title on these coins, this, too, constitutes an expression of independence, since a malik usually only issues coins (copper and silver) of a recognisably different type: not aniconic, as these are, but bearing the image of a horse and rider.

He intended to publish a flora of the island, and drafted out a synonymic catalogue, into which he inserted from time to time elaborate descriptions drawn up from living specimens of the species which he was able to procure.

In Shizuishan, Ningxia's northernmost city, there was only one mainly Yihewani mosque before 1949, later destroyed in 1966.

to read a hard disk