ground effect

Noun

(aeronautics) Any aerodynamic effects occurring due to a vehicle's body or appendages moving in close proximity to the ground.

Japanese Meaning

航空機などが地面に近い位置で移動する際、機体や付属品の位置が空力に及ぼす影響（浮揚力の増大や抗力の変化など）を指す現象。

During takeoff and landing, pilots must account for ground effect to avoid unexpected lift near the runway.

離陸や着陸の際には、航空機が地面近くを移動することで生じる空力的な地面効果により滑走路付近で予期せぬ揚力が発生しないよう、操縦士はそれを考慮しなければならない。

Sense（1）

(aeronautics) Any aerodynamic effects occurring due to a vehicle's body or appendages moving in close proximity to the ground.

ground effects

（ plural ）