unless

IPA(Pronunciation)

/ənˈlɛs/

Conjunction

Japanese Meaning

特定の条件でない場合に / もしそうでなければ / 仮定的または反実仮想条件文において、除外の意味で用いられる（〜でなければ）

You won't pass the exam unless you study every day.

毎日勉強しない限り、試験には合格できません。

Sense（1）

Except on a specified condition; if not.

I’m leaving unless I get a pay rise (AmE: raise).

Sense（2）

If not; used with counterfactual conditionals.

Sense（3）

Except if; used with hypothetical conditionals.

Q. If Lieutenant P. had given the word "Fire," would you have fired, and at what?—A. I should not have known, unless he had told me what to fire at.