deduction

That which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed

A sum that can be removed from tax calculations; something that is written off

(logic) A process of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific, in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the premises presented, so that the conclusion cannot be false if the premises are true.

A conclusion; that which is deduced, concluded or figured out

The ability or skill to deduce or figure out; the power of reason