particle（190）

(colloquial, men's speech) a particle used at the end of sentences, which indicates certainty or emphasis.

unique topic marker, often untranslatable / what about, where is (used without a predicate to ask for more information about something) / Inserted between two verbs for emphasis.

until, up to, as far as

Alternative form of オア (“or”)

conjunctive particle, separates items in a list of reasons / sentence-ending particle, indicating mild emphasis, and alluding to an inferable but deliberately omitted conclusion

(with nouns); particle for indirect objects; to / (with nouns); particle for location; in / (with nouns); particle for direction; toward / (with nouns); particle indicating a passive agent; by / (with nouns); particle indicating a point in time; at / (with nouns); particle used occasionally to replace と when organizing and counting; and / (with nouns); particle for indicating the emotional reason that one does something; in / (with verbs); particle indicating purpose/intent; for; to / (with な-adjectives); adverbializer; -ly

whether or not

particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.) / emphatic particle / particle adding uncertainty

(colloquial) Alternative form of しか (shika)

(Chūgoku, Shikoku, Kyūshū) because, since, so: presents the preceding clause as the reason for the following clause