(linguistics) A generative grammar, especially of a natural language, developed in the Chomskyan tradition of phrase structure grammars (as opposed to dependency grammars), and involving the use of defined operations called transformations to produce new sentences from existing ones.

plural of transformational grammar

A transformer used to transfer electrical power from a source of alternating current (AC) power to some equipment or device while galvanically isolating the device from the power source, usually for safety reasons.

An electrical transformer that reduces voltage from an electrical grid before being distributed to customers.

plural of distribution transformer

(mathematics) Given a function f(x,y,z,...) which is concave up with respect to x (i.e., its second derivative with respect to x is greater than zero), an involutive procedure for replacing x with another variable, say p=∂f/∂x thus yielding another function, say F=F(p,y,z,...). This new function contains all of the information of the original f encoded, as it were, within it so that ∂F/∂p=x and applying a similar transformation to F yields the original f. The formula is: F(p,y,z,...)=p·x(p)-f(x(p),y,z,...) where x must be expressed as a function of p. (Note: The concave upwardness means that ∂f/∂x is monotonically increasing, which means that p as a function of x is invertible, so x should be expressible as a function of p.)

Synonym of Hadamard transform

(category theory) A morphism between a pair of parallel functors such that if each object of the shared domain category subtends a correlated arrow — called a component — in the shared codomain (which arrow represents the difference between applying the second functor and the first functor to the correlated object) then each arrow of the shared domain subtends a commuting square — called a naturality square — between two components (correlated to the domain and codomain of the arrow).

(crime) A series of practices and philosophies aimed at rehabilitating perpetrators of crime, especially of interpersonal violence.

plural of Hadamard transform