(logic) The grouping of a formal language and a set of inference rules and/or axioms.

(logic) A pattern of reasoning which is always wrong, due to a flaw in the structure of the argument.

(logic) Mathematical logic. / (logic) A particular logical calculus.

The study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal languages. / (computer science) the rigorous mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages

plural of formal logic

An ontology with a structure that is guided and defined through axioms.

plural of formal science

plural of formal grammar

(computer science) A precise mathematical description of a formal language, consisting of terminal symbols, nonterminal symbols, a nonterminal symbol serving as start symbol, and a set of production rules that control the expansion of nonterminal symbols into strings consisting of both terminal and nonterminal symbols.

(mathematics) A formalism for a physical theory which is based upon the canonical equations of Hamiltonian dynamics.